Reprise - Efficacy and effectiveness of covid-19 vaccine - absolute vs. relative risk reduction – number needed to vaccinate and adverse events
After reading the inestimable Dr Peter McCullough’s article and calculating the Relative and Absolute Risk Reductions for mortality for HCQ + AZM, (83% relative risk reduction in mortality) it is worthwhile revisiting the propaganda around the magic 95% relative risk reduction in infections parroted by governments and the MSM as proof that the injections were “safe and effective”.
A reminder, the sole clinical end point of the injections was to reduce the severity of symptoms of the C19 disease (such as “cytokine storms” – not to prevent infections or hospitalizations or deaths.
Check this out:
Methodologic Considerations in COVID-19 Vaccine Trials | The BMJ
“Peter Doshi’s commentary underscores the importance of understanding the type of outcomes the present COVID-19 vaccine studies can measure (1). From his investigation it is evident that these studies are not designed to address hard end points including number of hospitalizations, deaths or a reduction of transmission. Although these limitations are important to highlight, other potential methodologic limitations in these trials are worth mentioning.
Some of the published phase-2 studies of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have shown a 2 to 3.5 fold higher risk of adverse reactions (2,3) in the vaccine group compared with control subjects.”
Covid-19 vaccine trial protocols released | The BMJ
“.. none of the vaccine trials are designed to detect a significant reduction in hospital admissions, admission to intensive care, or death.9 Rather than studying severe disease, these mega-trials all set a primary endpoint of symptomatic covid-19 of essentially any severity: a laboratory positive result plus mild symptoms such as cough and fever count as outcome events (table 1). These studies seem designed to answer the easiest question in the least amount of time, not the most clinically relevant questions.”
Note that no vaccine or injection prevents infection – they are intended to “educate” the immune system to “deal with” a single pathogen – and need to show that they are “safe” from collateral damage..
An extremely useful paper comparing relative risk, absolute risk and number needed to vaccinate is here:
Within the paper there is this snippet that details some of the limitations of the fraudulently conducted Pfizer Phase 3 clinical trial.
“Actually, ARR and its derivative number needed to vaccinate to prevent a disease (NNV) are time-dependent para[1]meters, affected by follow-up duration (Figure 1) [12]. The above mentioned fall of risk reduction indices of BNT162b2 vaccine could therefore be, at least in part, correlated to the very short duration of the study [3] (median value 2 months).”
Median value two months!!!! So much for a size month trial scheduled to run from 31 July 2020 to 31 January 2021 with a report cut-off date of 31 March 2021 – with EUA given on 10 December 2020!!!
Of particular relevance is this table on page 3 of 4.
We don’t have adverse event report rates for the Chinese vaccinations, but the ARR’s to prevent infection all centre around just 1%. In other words, just one infection in 100 is prevented.
The NNV’s are simply the inverse of the ARR’s – e.g. 100/0,84 = 119 for Pfizer/BioNTech.
So, having highlighted the fact that the injections did not and could not prevent infection or hospitalization or death, only reduce symptoms, let’s remind ourselves of the adverse events reported in the clinical trial.
From here:
The COVID-19 Inoculations - More Harm Than Good FINAL Video & Print (canadiancovidcarealliance.org)
We have this much referenced table on page 11 of 51:
This table needs to be updated for the recent revelations but it remains relevant.
We can combine these two tables and focus just on the Pfizer/BioNTech injection.
(Side note, recent work by the Daily Clout team indicates that, adjusted for demographic profile of trial participants, 222 people would have been expected to die during the full trial period, compared to around 38 actually reported).
I am not sure how there can be “Related Adverse Events” in the placebo group. Does this mean related to presence of the S1 component of the spike protein or side effects from injecting saline?
NNV (injected twice?) to prevent one infection = 119 (leave aside this was not a clinical end point of the trial).
Number of adverse events from 21,926 people (injected twice?) = 5,241 = 23.9% adverse event rate.
So, NNV of 119 results in 28 adverse events – to prevent one infection. There is no indication of follow up to track the progression of adverse events to more or less severe or serious or fatal outcomes.
Now, factor in that an infection lasts, on average, 3 weeks. There is no count of those infected or recovered in the clinical trial. The survival rate from infections is close to 100% in the clinical trial demographic that was tilted towards the healthy segment of the population, NOT those most at risk.
Let’s go a little deeper within those adverse events for the median trail duration of TWO MONTHS and look at severe (life altering) adverse events and serious (life threatening) adverse events.
Number of severe adverse events from 21,926 people (injected twice?) = 262 = 1.2%
Applied to the NNV of 119 = 1.4 people suffer a life altering event.
The same calculation for serious events results in 127/119 = 1.06 life threatening events following injection over the 2 month median trial period.
The Pfizer Phase 3 clinical trial FAILED its sole end point of reducing symptoms – well beyond “cough” or “sore throat” detailed in the protocols.
The arcane and odious laws in the US are not the same as laws elsewhere. All other countries health regulators and governments were provided with these clinical trial results that clearly indicate FAILURE of the mRNA injections. Yet they did not ban their use, rather they encouraged and promoted them. As such they are GUILTY of intentionally killing and maiming their own populations – maice aforethought – pre-meditated murder and battery assault, Laws within non-US countries exist to prosecute those who pass such laws and regulations.
From a larger perspective, it should be clear to all by now that the entire vaccine industry is based on fraud, corruption and the concealment of bad health outcomes.
Perhaps there is work underway to explain why the US (or China, India or Russia) did not appear in the top 25 countries in the world in 2019 – a situation that has only worsened during the scamdemic and roll out of the experimental C19 mRNA injections.
From here:
Healthiest Countries 2023 (worldpopulationreview.com)
One study could start with diet – foods regulated by the FDA – and the relative propensity to use “vaccinations” – regulated by the FDA.
In my view, aside from the obvious dietary differences, the vaccine paradigm is “inject to target specific symptoms – causing other symptoms requiring more treatments – indicating the loss of quality life years and life expectancy”.
There needs to be a clear educational shift to show how those who live a long and healthy life compare to those that don’t. 90 years of healthy and active life (with a 6 month exit from God’s waiting room) compared to a 70 year life with the last 10 years spent battling chronic conditions should be a good classroom experience for people of all ages.
That vaccine paradigm is over – it needs to be replaced with something that works without reducing the longevity or quality of life.
Onwards!
Please subscribe or make a donation via ko-fi. Don’t worry, if you can’t or don’t want to.
Ko-fi donations here: https://ko-fi.com/peterhalligan - an annual subscription of 100 bucks is one third less than a $3 ko-fi donation a week!
I was under the impression that the main or even sole surrogate endpoint of the trials was antibody titers. I look forward to reading this to see if I've been wrong.
Note: even the CDC said on their own website that presence of antibodies doesn't necessarily indicate ability to withstand infection. Yet that seems to have been the main focus of almost all clinical trials. Makes for a cheaper trial, for sure.
Brilliant article. The misuse of RRR by MSM and GOV was and remains as wilful as it is culpable. ARR and OR (odds ratio) are appropriate depictions of Pfizer efficacy. (Olliaro, Torreele, Vaillant 2021; thelancet.com/microbe vol 2 July) citing Dagan and colleagues (NEJM 2021), showing an ARR (from Israeli data) of 0.46 (NNV:217).
The intentional abolition of control groups and intellectually bankrupt repair to "modelled effectiveness" was (and remains) more GOV lies and damned lies, building on a nonsensical RRR narrative. Public Health England (PHE) describe their modelling of 'vaccine effectiveness' in the following way:
“Vaccination rates in the model are based on the actual number of doses administered, and the vaccine is assumed to reduce susceptibility to COVID-19 as well as mortality once infected.”
“To infer the impact of vaccination, the model was fitted to both ONS [Office of National Statistics] prevalence and daily COVID-19 mortality data in England, resulting in posterior samples for a range of epidemiological parameters. The posterior samples were then used to simulate the number of infections and deaths that would have occurred without vaccination. Finally, the total impact was calculated by comparing the infection and mortality estimates with vaccination versus the simulated outcomes without vaccination.”
The modelling method of PHE exposes the model invalidity and unequivocal rank nonsense. This leaves the political and "medical" "decisions" based on modelling equally invalid. Yet this a disclosure that is consistently stifled, obscured and deflected. Therein lies the true problem.